NAD+

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) is a coenzyme central to cellular metabolism, found in all living cells. It functions as a hydride transfer agent and plays essential roles in glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.

NAD+ is a major focus of longevity and aging biology research, particularly in relation to sirtuin enzyme activity (SIRT1–SIRT7), PARP enzymes, and mitochondrial health. Researchers investigating cellular energy production, DNA repair mechanisms, and chronobiology frequently employ NAD+ in their experimental designs.